The Fall Of The Roman Republic - 1745 Words

â€Å"Tiberius and his brother Gaius were regarded in Roman tradition as the initiators of the revolution which led to the breakdown of the Republic.† (Roebuck, 1966:506) The fall of the Roman Republic occurred during the late second century BC and resulted in various leading figures emerging such as Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus. Tiberius Gracchus was largely responsible for creating and initiating a long term political crisis in Rome in the early first century through his land reformations and desire to aid the poor. However, his intentions led not only to political arguments but violence within Roman society. This will be demonstrated through the analysis of ancient sources, discussion of the historical context, Tiberius Gracchus’ motives, actions and contribution to the fall of the Roman Republic. Much has been written about Tiberius in both modern and ancient sources, although some are divided on his motives while others strive for his selflessness. Orosius, an ancient source concerning the Roman Republic stated that Tiberius was â€Å"angry with the nobility because of the Numantine Treaty, decided that the land possessed hither to by private individuals, should be divided amongst the people,† and this caused him to reform against the Senate (Bishop, 1988). There are a trio of vital ancient sources reliable on the breakdown of the Republic. Cicero, Appian and Plutarch. Cicero is one of the few that actually lived during and participated in the events he comments on, so wasShow MoreRelatedThe Fall Of The Roman Republic1368 Words   |  6 PagesFinal Essay- The Fall of the Roman Republic From the fall of the last king of Rome, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, in 509 BCE, to the beginning of the principate in 27 BCE, the Roman Republic thrived as a strong and relatively stable government. This was despite its two major issues that eventually led to its downfall- the class struggle between plebeians and patricians as well as the autonomy the military had that allowed for armies to become loyal to its commander rather than the Roman state. For centuriesRead MoreThe Fall of the Roman Republic810 Words   |  3 PagesThe Roman Republic was created as a result of Rome’s early and tyrannical kings. This new democratic system was supposed to balance the power between two consuls and the senate in order to prevent any one person from controlling the entire population. It also aimed to ease relations between the separate classes by allowing slaves to purchase their freedom and by allowing anyone to move up in the class system from plebian to senator. The early phase of the Roman Republic was marked by successful foreignRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Republic Essay2445 Words   |  10 PagesChalking up the fall of the Roman Republic to a decline in traditional Roman morality, while not false, sells the events and changes that were the causes for the fall of the Republic short. At the end of The Third Punic War with Carthage we arguably see the Republic at its height. However in only a decade things begin to change, we see events that send Rome as a Republic past a point that Rome could not recover. Gaius Marius’s military reforms, specifically that of allowing for the captive cencsiRead MoreFall of the Roman Republic2648 Words   |  11 PagesFall of the Roman Republic By Ryan Anderson Arguably the greatest contribution to the eventual downfall of the Roman Republic was the institution of Gaius Marius popular, yet dangerous reforms, and his repeated usage of questionable political tactics to achieve his underlying personal goals. By undermining the power of the senate through illegal political conduct, and by introducing reforms that created the open potential for abuse of military power, Marius paved the way for future militaryRead MoreThe Fall of the Roman Republic Essay625 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The die is cast† - Julius Caesar The expansion of Rome, the ruling of Julius Caesar and his death, and the civil war that followed his death all led to the collapse of the Roman Republic. The expansion of Rome created political, social, and economical changes. Politically, the government did not change to suit the expanding of Rome. The economic changes were that poor farmers could not afford anymore to compete with the estates run by slaves, so they sold theirRead MoreJulius Caesar And The Fall Of The Roman Republic1122 Words   |  5 PagesTyler Boyer Coach Charb World History 9 June 2017 Julius Caesar and the fall of the Roman Republic Julius Caesar was one of if not the greatest ruler the Roman Republic has ever seen. He was born in 100 BC to Aurelia and Gaius Caesar. Although his family was hailed by Roman aristocrats, they were still very poor. When Julius Caesar was only 16 his father died. Rome was very unstable at this time, almost being in chaos. Around the time his father died Caesar decided to make an effort bringing backRead MoreThe Fall of the Roman Empire to the Republic580 Words   |  2 PagesFrom the early history of the Roman Empire, within the beginnings of the Republic, we will examine the period when the reign of kings comes to an end and social classes become established among the populace. From this point, will see how the oppression of one class against another leads up to a breaking-point with the revolt of one against another. Lucius Tarquinius Superbus was the seventh, and last Etruscan king (reigned from 534 to 510 BC) of Rome who was overthrown and exiled for his crueltyRead MoreGnaeus Pompey and the fall of the Roman Republic Essay788 Words   |  4 Pagesas the reforms of the Gracchi brothers’ meant that the Rome was facing a Republic that was already deteriorating before Pompey had stepped into power. While Pompey’s quest for power was harmful, many other factors were also baleful to the Republic, and were hence instrumental in its decline. Gnaeus Pompeius’s measures to gain power were harmful because it was primarily a paradox to the principles of being part of a Republic with all its notions of shared and short power. The fundamental reason whyRead MoreFall of the Roman Republic Julius Caesar Essay626 Words   |  3 Pagesare many contributions to the fall of the roman republic. Three of the main ones can be linked to the Actions and legacy of Sulla, Caesars military campaign s and Caesars dictatorship. The decline of the Republic began in the middle of the second century B.C. with political, economic, and social events. These events in addition to the burdens of civil war on Rome, lead to the inevitable failure of the Republic. The first contribution to the fall of the roman republic is linked to the actions and legacyRead MoreEssay on The Rise and Fall of the Roman Republic517 Words   |  3 PagesThe roman republic came into existence at the termination of the Roman kingship in 507 B.C.E. The last king of Rome, Tarquin the Proud, was expelled by Collatinus and Brutus, as a result of his arrogance involving the matter of one of his relations raping the wholesome Roman matron Lucretia and her subsequent suicide. The rape of Lucretia was really a representation of the frustration that the roman citizens felt regarding the kingship. The later kings had little regard for roman values and the

Aspects Of Development Language And Communication

Aspects of development: Language and communication Action is a way a child connects and interacts with people, it is part of their identity and culture, although communication is often considered to mean words and sentences, it also includes any and all ways a child lets us know what they need and how they are feeling. This can be done with facial expressions, body language, crying, eye contact or sounds. Even before their first words a child will develop their own unique ways of communicating with you. Non verbal communication is as important to children as it is to adults. Indeed, children probably use it more. Speech is an aspect of development that can vary widely without any relationship to other development aspects or to the child’s intelligence. Milestones for child 0-3 months Cries, smiles and coos, they will look at faces and listen to voices they will become quiet when picked up or comforted. 3-6 months They begin to show a wide variety of feelings and express emotions through smiles, frowns, body movements, gurgling and cooing, they begin to recognise familiar people and likes to smile at them. A child will show excitement by waving their arms and legs and cries when upset, and looks for comfort and be near people significant in their lives. 6-9 months A child will babble (lots of different playful sounds) at least 4 different sounds, they will laugh, giggle, gurgle and coos with familiar people. They will react to loud, angry and friendly voices begin to turn toShow MoreRelatedChildren’s Speech, Language, and Communication1750 Words   |  7 PagesSupport children’s speech, language and communication Explanation of speech, language, communication and speech, language and communication needs 1.1 Children and adults use speech, language and communication to interact with others, to help them explore the environment, to make sense of everyday experiences, access information and understand concepts, as well as organise thoughts and formulate ideas and to help them express their own feelings and to understand the feelings of others (ChildrenRead MoreELT task 3 Essay examples955 Words   |  4 Pageslesson. Therefore, summarizing a presentation during and after listening will help any student increase their chances of remembering important information. B. Create an activity that is meant to develop a specific listening or oral communication skill. In order to develop a specific listening skill such as hearing main ideas, teachers can instruct student to write the main ideas of the lesson presentation. The teacher can encourage the class to read aloud their main ideas. While theRead MoreLanguage Arts Importance Essay1028 Words   |  5 Pages Language Arts Development Eric Baierl REAT Task 1 WGU A. Language arts classes play a crucial role in the literacy development of elementary-aged children. By learning to read and write a child is able to grow intellectually in not only language arts classes but all other classes as well. Communication is necessary to acquire knowledge on any subject and the more developed a child is in language arts the faster they willRead MoreEssay on Nvq Level 5 Unit 136976 Words   |  4 PagesUnit 136 1.1 The early years curriculum that supports childrens care learning and development is the foundation phase. Foundation phase promotes learning through play. There are 7 areas of learning that consists of: physical development Physical development is physical movements of all areas of the body. This may include fine motor skills, gross motor skills and hand eye co-ordination. Fine motor skills may be for e.g. threading a bead on to a piece of string, gross motor skills are for Read MoreEssay Language Acquisition Principles1079 Words   |  5 PagesKrashen is one of the experts when it comes to language acquisition. He has theorized on the subject of second language acquisition for years and has been quite influential in this field of linguistics. He approaches the subject of second language acquisition by presenting his five theories for acquiring a second language. Aida Walqui is another expert; however, she approaches the subject from the aspect that contextual factors are involved in second language learning. Even though Krashen and WalquiRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Nature And Behavior1178 Words   |  5 Pagesnumber of characteristics, mannerisms, and unique traits that are not found in many other organisms across the globe. Two such characteristics, namely language and communication, are so distinct that they can be regarded as the main components for the development and creation of human nature itself, acting as the basis for human consciousness and development. However, although these social constructs appear to vary in their differences they are almost equally matched in number by their similarities. BothRead MoreHow Internet Slangs Affect language?889 Words   |  4 Pagestheir feeling, such as LOL, OMG. It may also due to the demand of shortening the communication time or error on texting. The acknowledgement of some popular Internet slangs is expected to be recognized widely by them. However, some of those less frequently used or new Internet slangs may not be understood by some of them. It is expected that the understanding of Internet slangs will be increased with the development of Internet slangs or the popularity of that term. The result proved that textingRead MoreThe Internet and the Future of Language Essays727 Words   |  3 Pageslinguistic communication has always brought significant changes in our way of communication as well. Such media are printing in the fifteen century, telegraph and telephone in the nineteen century, and finally television and the internet in the twentieth century. However, the sheer scale and the significance of the Internet have in sociolinguistic and stylistic complexity of the language is unprecedented and comparable to that of conventional audio and visual quality of linguistic aspects. Unlike previousRead MoreThe Basic Achievements Of The Human Race1348 Words   |  6 PagesThe language is one of the fundamental achievements of the human race. Its role in the appropriation of culture and incorporation of the individual to society, is a key instrument of the educational process. Its essence is to express ideas, needs, experiences and feelings through the written and spoken word, gestures, attitudes and behaviors. It is precisely through language that the child is inserted in the world and they are different from it. As in development go by an individual and affectiveRead MoreCommunication Is Necessary For Society And Culture1377 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is necessary for society and culture to function, and have change and continuity. Communication involves a sender conveying a message with verbal or nonverbal words or gestures to a receiver who encodes and understands the message then replies using the same form of communication. Verbal communication use s words and speech sent in a written or spoken medium. Nonverbal communication makes up for where verbal communication lacks, using gestures, body language or facial expressions to

How can Freud’s Psychodynamic model help me to understand and change my life Free Essays

string(83) " Some people argue this is regressive behaviour and links back into my oral stage\." Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was the father of psychodynamic therapy. His work built upon what had been done by Brewer before him. One of his patients Anna O labelled his method as being ‘the talking cure’*. We will write a custom essay sample on How can Freud’s Psychodynamic model help me to understand and change my life? or any similar topic only for you Order Now During this essay I shall briefly explain Freud’s main theories on the human personality and then examine how these can help me to understand and change my life. * An Introduction To Counselling. P80 Freud believed the human psyche is divided into three areas the conscious, preconscious and unconscious*. In the unconscious exists the Id. This is the instinctual life force within us. Two forces are at work within the Id, Eros a drive for love and Thanatos a drive for destruction**. In our day-to-day lives we are unaware of the effects our Id has upon us, Freud argues that hidden forces from the Id govern most of the things we want to do. The Id has no time dimension and memories trapped within it remain emotionally charged***. * Teach Yourself Counselling. P121 ** Teach Yourself Counselling. P121 *** Mastering Psychology. P242 The Ego helps to mediate between the Id and the outside world, known as the ‘reality principle’*. It is the part of ourselves, which enables us to fit into society. It takes on board social norms and lets the Id have its way when it will be practically possible and allowable by society. * Mastering Psychology. P242 From society and our parents we develop the Superego. This provides us with a ‘moral principle’*. It is basically the internalisation of parental and societal rules. The Superego is largely unconscious though we do become aware of certain thing when they move into the preconscious. * Mastering Psychology. P243 Through psychodynamic therapy I discovered that I had repressed many memories. I believe these were being stored in my unconscious. These memories were having a profound effect upon my life although I did not realise this at the time. I went through almost seven years of bullying when I was at school. When I left school and continued with my life I was always aware of this fact but I had lost many of the details over time and could not recall much about it. When I reached twenty years of age I developed clinical depression and had panic attacks. I was forced leave university with only six months left to completion. My home became my sanctuary and for a period of three months I did not leave it. Through many years of differing therapy I have begun to understand more about what happened within my mind to bring me to that point. The memories I had storied in my unconscious, though I was largely unaware of them, were distorting my view of the world. It was â€Å"frightening outside†; I could â€Å"get hurt if I left home†. These were not a realistic feeling about my current circumstances but were a reflection of the fears I had held during the time of my bullying. I was extremely depressed because I felt â€Å"useless†, â€Å"ugly† and that my life was â€Å"pointless†. Again I now feel that these thoughts grew from trapped memories. I had been called many names whilst at school; I had been treated very badly facing physical harm on a daily basis. I was treated as an outcast by nearly everyone; I was spat at, ignored, teased and put down. During therapy I began to see in my mind a monster. It was black with red eyes. I had often had nightmares involving such a creature. Freud regarded dreams as â€Å"the royal road to the unconscious†*. He placed great emphasis upon analysing them, and along with free association dreams became the centre of his psychoanalysis methods. Freud believed that dreams where a sign of the unconscious mind at work and proof that his theories were correct. * Freud – A Beginners Guide p25 p57 Over time I realised that this monster contained all of the negative emotions other people had placed onto me. Even seven years after the bullying stopped this monster was still telling me I was useless and ugly and deserved no more than to be beaten up. Through therapy memories slowly began to emerge from out of the unconscious. It was very painful at first as the strength of feeling contained in the memories was so strong. Overtime these feelings have weakened, I still believe there are some buried memories but many have now risen out of my Id and have been largely dealt with in my conscious. I don’t believe the monster has gone but I seem to have taken much of its power away. I believe my Ego is caught up in this tangled web as well. I feel that while I was at school I may have internalised some of the negatives messages into my Ego. In some ways my Ego stopped looking after me. Through psychodynamic therapy I have begun to rebuild my Ego almost teaching it that the things that happened to me were not my fault and that I do deserve to be looked after by myself, through my Ego. Freud divided a child’s life into a number of differing developmental stages. Stage one is the oral phase*. Normally occurring between being born and around two years of age. It involves a discovery of your world and surroundings through the use of your mouth. Sucking to feed provides both nutrients and closeness with mother. Any available object will be tested by being placed in the mouth and explored that way. Mastering Psychology. P247, Teach Yourself Counselling. P123, An Introduction To Counselling. P81 Personally I have no memories of this period in my own life. It is thought though that people sometimes fall back into child like behaviour to receive comfort from these things. I smoke and therefore enjoy the aspect of putting a cigarette in my mouth and sucking it tending to do this most when stressed. Some people argue this is regressive behaviour and links back into my oral stage. You read "How can Freud’s Psychodynamic model help me to understand and change my life?" in category "Papers" The second stage occurs between the ages of two to four. Called the Anal Stage* it is the period when a child discovers that he/she produces faeces. Apparently the child then experiments with control. Being able to both let go and hold on to the faeces. Freud argued that if parents handle this stage of development badly a child could become afraid of letting go of things as they grew older or overly controlling. Teach Yourself Counselling. P123, Mastering Psychology. P247 The phallic stage* develops between the ages of four to seven. Freud argued that the genitals become the main interest or focus to the child during this period. It is also during this time that the Superego develops. This is the time when Freud’s infamous Oedipus* and Electra Complexes* are said to occur. Teach Yourself Counselling. P124. Mastering Psychology. P247 Little boys will fall in love with their mother and girls with their father. Girls will develop penis envy and hate their mother for not giving them one. Boys will hate their father believing that he wishes to castrate them and stop them being with their mother. After this latency will set in, this period is believed to be the best time for children to learn. Then puberty starts and Freud believed that the whole process repeats itself thus enabling any damage incurred during the first time round to be repaired. I can imagine that during puberty these processes had a difficult time repairing any damage to me, as it was during this time that I was being bullied. I can’t directly link any of this to the three stages but from experience I know that damage done during this time is far more difficult to deal with than damage done later in life when the personality is fully formed. In this final stage of the essay I shall examine four of Freud’s ideas on how the mind copes with experiences it does not want to deal with, these are called defences. Freud listed over twenty-five differing defences created by the mind to protect itself. The first one I shall look at is repression. Repression is when memories are hidden in the unconscious. The Ego may not have been able to cope with the events attached to the memory and so stored them away where the person could not access them. * Teach Yourself Counselling. P183/184. Mastering Psychology. P245. This is sometimes known as Ego Censorship*. Personally this is one defence I feel I have had a lot of experience with. Most of my time at school was somehow lost. My two best friends, who were at school with me, would talk about fellow students, teaches and events involving the three of us and I would have no recollection what so ever of what they were talking about. * Counselling course class notes Many of the things that happened to me I only began to remember after they spoke about them. It was very strange, almost as if they were talking about people and places I had never been. It was quite a disconcerting experience. The experience would come into my conscious at sometimes though. Through dreams certain memories would come alive. If I was extremely depressed suddenly a dam would break and a flood of bad memories would pour on top of me and yet the next day I would not be able to recall what they were. Another defence is regression*. This is the idea that people sometimes return to behaviour linked with the developmental stages. This can involve many things including crying, taking to ones bed or comfort eating. As I said earlier smoking is also connected with this as it is seen as an oral behaviour. It is noticeable that many people including myself smoke far more when stressed. * An Introduction To Counselling. P84. Teach Yourself Counselling. P183. I do recall, at the time of my worst depression that I took to my bed, often lying in the foetal position and crying. It was comforting in some way. As if I was safer lying in my bed than having to be in the world outside. It reminds me of the time when at night I suddenly feel scared in the dark on the way back from the bathroom but I know when I get into bed and covered up again I will be quite safe. It is also quite possible from personal experience to deny painful events. Denial* is a term, which has become very mainstream; he or she is in denial. Looking back on my life I can see a number of times when I was living in denial. One of my partners who I was with for about six months was patently not for me. I knew this deep down but did not want to be alone and so I denied it. * Teach Yourself Counselling. P179. I continued in the relationship feeling more and more unhappy though not allowing myself to see the real reason, which I did actually know. Eventually the other person ended it and I was forced to deal with life without that partner. It did not take long to realise that I was much happier without them than I was with them but I had not allowed myself to see any possibility of a happy life without them in it. I think everyone has been guilty of displacement at one time in his or her life. Displacement* is when a person replaces the true object of their emotions with another. If someone is angry they may kick a door instead of kicking the person they are angry with. In a sense this defence can be seen as a very positive thing. The Ego allowing aggression out where it will do less harm all round. * Teach Yourself Counselling. P179/180 So during this essay I have briefly examined some of Freud’s theories on human development and growth and thought about how these theories can help me to see my life in a different way. In some cases they already have as I have done psychodynamic therapy for some time now. Other areas of his theories leave me slightly baffled and cold, as they strike no resonance with me, though it may be argued that that’s because I don’t want them to. How to cite How can Freud’s Psychodynamic model help me to understand and change my life?, Papers

Code of Conduct Inclusion and Diversity †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Code of Conduct for Inclusion and Diversity. Answer: Introduction: The essay is to reflect on the personal experience with death and dying at palliative care ward in X hospital. Gibbss Reflective cycle model is used for this purpose. The cycle comprises of description of the event, analysis of feelings, evaluation management, and an action plan to prepare if the situation arose again (Gibbs, 1988). During an evening shift, observation round for all the patients, when I reached the room number 10, there was no reply from 82-year-old male. As I found him unconscious with no pulse, I depressed the emergency room bottom staff alert the nursing staff. This is the first event of death that I encountered in palliative care. When I analyzed my feelings, I was frustrated, and emotionally broken on failing to save patient. One of senior nurse staff told me that it was inappropriate to pull all the staff to attend the emergency call. She instructed me to depress only the room call button of the patient. However, I felt that my behavior did not breach the code of conduct as per nursing council of New Zealand. I respected the patients rights in life and death (Schmidt et al., 2017). As I evaluated my feelings, I realized that my feelings were part of the patient care in dying stage. It was integral part of palliative care (Slocum-Gori et al., 2013). I realized that I need to be more prepared for death. A solid training may help me cope up better next time and avoid such stressor as also highlighted by Cho et al., (2015). Therefore, my action plan in future would demonstrate a better understanding of patient death and realization that instructions of mentors or strong preceptors do have positive implications management for nurses to cop up with patient death and stress. I am looking forward to patient death education to be able to deliver high quality holistic care. In conclusion, I will continue to engage in reflection process to improve my nursing skills by exploring and evaluating all previous clinical experiences. References Cho, E., Sloane, D. M., Kim, E. Y., Kim, S., Choi, M., Yoo, I. Y., ... Aiken, L. H. (2015). Effects of nurse staffing, work environments, and education on patient mortality: an observational study.International journal of nursing studies,52(2), 535-542. Gibbs, G. (1988). The reflective cycle.Kitchen S (1999) An appraisal of methods of reflection and clinical supervision management. Br J Theatre Nurs,9(7), 313-7. Schmidt, B. J., MacWilliams, B. R., Neal-Boylan, L. (2017). Becoming Inclusive: A Code of Conduct for Inclusion and Diversity.Journal of Professional Nursing,33(2), 102-107. Slocum-Gori, S., Hemsworth, D., Chan, W. W., Carson, A., Kazanjian, A. (2013). Understanding compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout: A survey of the hospice palliative care workforce.Palliative Medicine,27(2), 172-178.